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　　山東通風(fēng)管道作為建筑通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的核心部件，其制作流程需兼顧密封性、強(qiáng)度與適配性，從材料甄選到成型安裝，每個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)都影響著最終的通風(fēng)效果。

　　As the core component of building ventilation systems, the production process of Shandong ventilation ducts needs to consider sealing, strength, and adaptability. From material selection to molding and installation, each link affects the final ventilation effect.

　　材料裁剪是制作的基礎(chǔ)環(huán)節(jié)。根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)圖紙確定管道尺寸后，選用鍍鋅鋼板（厚度按風(fēng)管尺寸匹配，一般直徑≤300mm 選用 0.5-0.8mm 厚鋼板，直徑較大時(shí)選 1.0-1.2mm），通過(guò)激光切割機(jī)或剪板機(jī)按標(biāo)線精準(zhǔn)裁剪。裁剪時(shí)需預(yù)留咬口余量（通常為 10-15mm），確保后續(xù)拼接嚴(yán)密。對(duì)于弧形或異形管道，需在鋼板上劃出折角線，用折邊機(jī)按角度彎折，折角誤差控制在 ±1° 內(nèi)，保證管道弧度平滑。

　　Material cutting is the fundamental step in production. After determining the pipeline size according to the design drawings, galvanized steel plates are selected (with a thickness matched according to the size of the air duct, generally 0.5-0.8mm thick steel plates are selected for diameters ≤ 300mm, and 1.0-1.2mm for larger diameters), and accurately cut according to the markings using laser cutting machines or shearing machines. When cutting, it is necessary to reserve a bite allowance (usually 10-15mm) to ensure tight splicing in the future. For curved or irregular pipelines, it is necessary to draw corner lines on the steel plate and use a folding machine to bend them according to the angle. The bending error should be controlled within ± 1 ° to ensure smooth curvature of the pipeline.

　　咬口成型是保證密封性的關(guān)鍵。采用聯(lián)合角咬口或按扣式咬口工藝，將裁剪后的鋼板邊緣折成特定形狀，通過(guò)咬口機(jī)加壓使接口相互咬合。圓形風(fēng)管多采用插接式咬口，矩形風(fēng)管則用轉(zhuǎn)角咬口，咬口處需平整無(wú)褶皺，咬合深度均勻（一般為 8-10mm），避免因咬合不嚴(yán)導(dǎo)致漏風(fēng)。對(duì)于高壓系統(tǒng)風(fēng)管，咬口后還需在接口處涂抹密封膠，增強(qiáng)氣密性。

　　Bite forming is the key to ensuring sealing. Using joint corner biting or snap on biting technology, the edges of the cut steel plate are folded into a specific shape, and the interfaces are pressed together by a biting machine. Circular ducts often use plug-in bite points, while rectangular ducts use corner bite points. The bite points should be flat and wrinkle free, with a uniform depth of bite (usually 8-10mm), to avoid air leakage caused by loose bite points. For high-pressure system ducts, sealant should be applied at the interface after biting to enhance air tightness.

　　法蘭裝配決定管道連接的穩(wěn)定性。按風(fēng)管尺寸預(yù)制角鋼法蘭（角鋼規(guī)格根據(jù)風(fēng)管尺寸選擇，如 300×200mm 風(fēng)管配 L30×3 角鋼），用鉚釘將法蘭固定在風(fēng)管端部，鉚釘間距控制在 100-150mm，且分布均勻。法蘭平面需與風(fēng)管軸線垂直，偏差不超過(guò) 2mm，否則會(huì)導(dǎo)致安裝時(shí)接口錯(cuò)位。安裝前檢查法蘭平整度，用直角尺校準(zhǔn)，確保連接面緊密貼合。

　　Flange assembly determines the stability of pipeline connections. Prefabricate angle steel flanges according to the size of the air duct (angle steel specifications are selected according to the size of the air duct, such as L30 × 3 angle steel for 300 × 200mm air ducts), and fix the flanges at the end of the air duct with rivets. The rivet spacing should be controlled between 100-150mm and evenly distributed. The flange plane should be perpendicular to the axis of the air duct, with a deviation of no more than 2mm, otherwise it may cause interface misalignment during installation. Before installation, check the flatness of the flange and calibrate it with a square ruler to ensure that the connecting surface is tightly fitted.

　　管道加固針對(duì)長(zhǎng)距離或大尺寸風(fēng)管。當(dāng)風(fēng)管長(zhǎng)度超過(guò) 10m 或直徑大于 800mm 時(shí)，需加裝加固筋（采用同材質(zhì)鋼板條或角鋼），加固筋間距 1.5-2m，通過(guò)焊接或鉚接固定在風(fēng)管外壁，增強(qiáng)抗風(fēng)壓能力。對(duì)于矩形風(fēng)管，可在內(nèi)部加裝橫撐，防止風(fēng)壓過(guò)大導(dǎo)致管壁變形，橫撐兩端與法蘭連接牢固，確保整體剛度。

　　Pipeline reinforcement is designed for long-distance or large-sized air ducts. When the length of the air duct exceeds 10 m or the diameter is greater than 800 mm, it is necessary to install reinforcement bars (steel plates or angle steels of the same material) with a spacing of 1.5-2 m, which are fixed on the outer wall of the air duct by welding or riveting to enhance the wind pressure resistance. For rectangular ducts, cross braces can be installed internally to prevent deformation of the duct wall caused by excessive wind pressure. The ends of the cross braces are firmly connected to the flanges to ensure overall rigidity.

　　密封與防腐處理提升耐用性。風(fēng)管成型后，用密封膠封堵咬口縫、鉚釘孔等易漏點(diǎn)，膠層厚度均勻（0.5-1mm），固化后形成連續(xù)密封層。在潮濕環(huán)境使用的風(fēng)管，需進(jìn)行防腐處理：先清除表面油污銹跡，涂刷兩遍防銹漆，干燥后再涂面漆，漆膜厚度達(dá) 60-80μm，避免銹蝕影響使用壽命。

　　Sealing and anti-corrosion treatment enhance durability. After the air duct is formed, use sealant to seal the bite joints, rivet holes, and other easily leaking points. The adhesive layer should have a uniform thickness (0.5-1mm) and form a continuous sealing layer after curing. Ducts used in humid environments require anti-corrosion treatment: first remove surface oil and rust stains, apply two coats of anti rust paint, dry and then apply topcoat, with a film thickness of 60-80 μ m, to avoid rust affecting the service life.

　　質(zhì)檢與安裝前調(diào)試不可或缺。對(duì)成型風(fēng)管進(jìn)行壓力測(cè)試，將風(fēng)管兩端封堵后通入壓縮空氣（壓力 0.5-1.0kPa），30 分鐘內(nèi)壓力下降不超過(guò) 5% 即為合格。檢查風(fēng)管外觀，確保表面平整、無(wú)明顯變形，法蘭螺栓孔位置對(duì)應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確。最后按編號(hào)堆放，避免擠壓變形，為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安裝做好準(zhǔn)備。

　　Quality inspection and pre installation commissioning are indispensable. Perform pressure testing on the formed air duct, seal both ends of the duct and introduce compressed air (pressure 0.5-1.0kPa). If the pressure drops by no more than 5% within 30 minutes, it is considered qualified. Check the appearance of the air duct to ensure that the surface is flat, without obvious deformation, and that the flange bolt hole positions correspond accurately. Finally, stack them according to their numbers to avoid squeezing and deformation, and prepare for on-site installation.

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